Harrow.



PATENTED OCT. 2, 1906.

J. M. ULSH:

HARROW.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.16,1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

PATENTED OCT. 2, 1906.-

J. M.- ULSH.

HARROW.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.16,1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

x1 E R.

snnmro 1H; NORRIS PETE JAMES M. ULSH, OF LANCASTER, PENNSYLVANIA.

HARROW.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 2, 1906.

Application filed December 16, 1905. Serial No. 292,079.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMEs M. ULsH, a citizen of the United States,residing at Lancaster, in the county of Lancaster and State ofPennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Harrow, of which thefollowing is a specification.

The invention relates to improvements in harrows.

The object of the present invention is to improve the construction ofthat class of toothed harrows having automatically-ad justable sectionsto accommodate the harrow to unevenness of land and to provide a simpleand comparatively inexpensive harrow of this character of great strengthand durability which will be capable of vertical adjustment to regulatethe depth of cut and to elevate and lower the barrow-frame to suitvarious conditions of soil and in which there will be an increasedclearance capacity by eliminating all parts at the center of the harrowthat would tend to accumulate rubbish and prevent the free passage ofthe same therethrougli A further object of the invention is to improvethe construction of the harrow-frame and the means for both hinging thesections and mounting the inner ends of the toothbars for rotaryadjustment.

With these and other objects in view the invention consists in theconstruction and novel combination and arrangement of parts hereinafterfully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and pointedout in the claims hereto appended, it being understood that variouschanges in the form, proportion, size, and minor details of constructionwithin the scope of the claims may be re sorted to without departingfrom the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective View of a spring-tooth harrowconstructed in accordance with this invention. Fig. 2 is a centrallongitudinal sectional view, the central frame bar or member being shownin elevation. Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail sectional view takentransversely of the harrow, illustrating the manner of mounting theinner and outer ends of the rotary toothbars. Fig. 4 is an enlargeddetail plan view, partly in section, illustrating the construction formounting the inner ends of the rear toothe bars. Fig. 5 is a detailelevation illustrating the construction of the adjustable side wheelsfor raising and lowering the harrow-frame. Figs. 6 and 7 are detailviews illustrating the construction of the caster-wheels. Fig. 8 is adetail perspective view of one of the hinge brackets. of the hingeelement which cooperates with the bracket.

1 and 2 designate hinge-sections of a harrow-frame, the frame bars ormembers of which are preferably constructed of channelbars consisting ofa vertical web and upper and lower horizontal flanges; but any otherform of angle-iron bar may be employed in the construction of the frameof the harrow. The barrow-frame section 1, which is ap proximatelyU-shaped, is composed of an outer longitudinal frame bar or member 3 andan inner central longitudinal frame-bar 4, which is connected at thefront of the harrow-frame with the outer member or side bar 3 by anintegral front bar or member 5 and which is common to both sections ofthe harrow-frame and extends from the front to the back thereof, theinner ends of all of the toothbars 6 and 7 of the harrow being connectedwith and supported by the said. central longitudinal frame bar or member4. The harrow-frame section 2, which is approximately Lshaped, consistsof a longitudinal side frame bar or member 8 and an integral front framebar or member 9, which is connected with the section 1 at the front endof the central frame bar or member by a hinge 10 of any preferredconstruction.

In Figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings three tooth-bars are shownin each set; but it will be apparent that any number of tooth-bars maybe employed 'to provide a harrow of the desired capacity. The toothbars,which are tubular and which are capable of rotary adjustment, have theirouter ends journaled in bearings 11, consisting of 1 attachment platesor portions and annular.- f

bearing-flanges 12, which form sockets for Fig. 9 is a detailperspective view IOC the reception of the outer ends of the toothbars.The attachment plate or portion of each bearing extends horizontally inadvance and in rear of the socket or bearing portion and is secured tothe inner faces of the outer longitudinal frame bars or members by bolts13 or other suitable fastening devices, which pierce the attachmentplate or portion and the webs of the said side bars or members. Theinner ends of the front and intermediate tooth-bars 6 of the section 1are supported by bearings 14, similar in construction to the bearings 11and composed of attachment plates or portions and. annularbearing-flanges 15, which receive the inner ends of the said tooth-bars6. The inner ends of the front and intermediate tooth-bars 7 of theharrowsection 2 are connected with the central frame bar or member 4 byinterfitting hinge elements, which form a combination hinge and journalto hinge the sections of the harrow-frame together and to afford thetoothbar 7 a rotary movement. One of the hinge elements consists of abracket 16, having an attachment plate or portion and provided with apair of spaced perforated ears or lugs 17, which receive between themthe other hinge element 18. The attachment plate or portion of thebracket is secured to the central longitudinal frame bar or member inthe channel thereof by means of bolts 19, each bolt piercing thebracket, the web of the frame bar or member, and the attachment plate orportion of the proximate bearing 14. The interfitting hinge element 18consists of an eye 20 and a tubular journal 21, the eye being providedwith a horizontal bore or opening to receive a bolt 22, which forms apintle for the hinge and which also passes through the projecting earsor lugs of the bracket 16. The hollow journal fits within the inner endof the contiguous tooth-bar and is provided with an outer end wall 23,having a central perforation 24, through which is passed a tie* rod 25.The tie-rod is provided at its inner end with a head 26, which engagesthe inner, face of the end wall 23 of the hollow our nal. The eye of theinterfitting hinge member 18 is also provided with a central opening 27,which communicates with the tubular journal and which permits thetie-rod to be passed through it and engaged with the end wall of thejournal. The outer end 28 of the tie-rod is threaded to receive a nut29, and it pierces the attachment plate or portion of the proximateouter bearing 11 and the web of the contiguous outer longitudinal framebar or member. The nut 29 engages the outer face of such frame bar ormember, and the tierod maintains the parts in the interlocked relationshown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, the journal being fitted in the innerend of the tooth-bar and the outer end of the latter being fitted in theannular bearing flange or socket of the outer bearing. This constructionalso admits of the necessary rotary movement of the tooth-bar to effectan ad.- justment of the harrow-teeth 30 and at the same time hinges thesections of the harrowframe together and permits the same to yield oradjust themselves automatically to the unevenness of the land. Theseharrow-teeth are constructed as shown and described in a copendingapplication filed by me on or about July 29, 1905, Serial No. 271,802.

The rear end of the central frame bar or member terminates short of andis spaced from the inner end of the rear tooth-bar, which extends to andslightly beyond the center of the rear portion of the harrowframe toafford a support for a central rear harrow-tooth 31, which is disposedin longi tudinal alinement with the central longitudinal frame bar ormember 4. The inner end of the tooth-bar 6 is connected with the rearend of the central frame bar or member by means of a bracket 32,consisting of an attachment portion 33 and an arm 34, extending rearwardand laterally from the central frame bar or member to offset the tubularbearing portion from the longitudinal plane of the said member 4. Theinner end of the rear tooth-bar 6 extends inward from the tubularbearing portion of the bracket 32, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 4 ofthe drawings, and provides a projecting tooth-supporting portion orextension lying immediately in rear of the central frame bar or member4. The rear tooth-bar 6 is maintained against longitudinal movement inits bearings by means of a suitable key 35, located contiguous to thebracket 32; but any other suitable means may be employed for thispurpose. The other rear tooth-bar 7 is supported. by interlocking hingeelements, one of the elements consisting of a bracket 36 and the otherhinge element 37 consisting of an eye 38 and a rearwardly-extending armor body portion, which terminates in a tubular bearing or socket 39,open at the outer end and having an end wal 40 at the inner end to forman abutment for the inner end of the rear tooth-bar 7. The bracket 36 isprovided with a pair of projecting ears or lugs 41 to receive thepintle, which passes through the eye 38. The attachment plate or portionof the bracket is secured to the central frame bar or member by means ofbolts 42,

which also pierce the web of the frame bar or member and the plate orattachment portion of the bracket 32. The rear toothbar 7 is retained inthe bearing of the hinge element 37 by means of a tie-rod 43, whichpasses through an opening of the said end wall 40 and which also piercesthe web of the frame bar or member 8. The head of the tie-rod engagesthe end wall, and its nut 44 engages the frame bar or member.

The sections of the harrow are supported at the outer sides by means ofrear wheels 45, mounted on spindles 46 by L-shaped levers 47, consistingof short approximately horizontal arms and long upwardlyextending arms,which terminate in suitable grips or handles 48. These L-shapedoperatinglevers are fulcrumed at their angles on the frame bars ormembers 3 and 8 by means of bolts 49 and are adapted to be oscillated toraise and lower the harrow-frame for adapting the harrow to differentconditions of soil. The levers are secured in their adjustment by bolts50, which pierce the upright arms of the levers and which also extendthrough the perforations 51 of the curved bars 52, mounted on theharrow-frame at opposite sides thereof and having vertical arms 53,which are bolted or otherwise secured to the frame bars or members 3 and8. The perforations of the arcuate bars 52 are arranged at suitableintervals; but any other form of locking device may be employed forsecuring the levers and the harrow-frame in their adjustment. Thesections of the harrow-frame are also sup orted by front caster-wheels54 and a centra caster-wheel 55. The front casterwheels 54 are locatedat the front frame bars or members 5 and 9, and each wheel 54 is mountedin a forked or bifurcated standard 56, which is adjustably secured to avertical pivot or stem 57 by means of a bolt 58 and a tooth 59, whichengages a ratchet-face 60 of the vertical pivot or stem 57; but anyother suitable means may be provided for effecting this adjustment, aswill be readily under stood.

The pivot or stem 57 is arranged in a vertical bearing or eye 61 of abearing-bracket 62, which is bolted or otherwise secured to theharrow-frame, as clearly shown in Fig. 6 of the drawings. The verticalstem or pivot 57 is retained in the eye or opening of thebearing-bracket by means of a suitable pin or key 63. The caster-wheel55 is mounted in a similar manner, and its bearing-bracket is bolted tothe central frame bar or member 4 in rear of the intermediatetooth-bars, as clearly shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings. The wheels areadapted to readily pass over all rubbish, and they prevent the same fromaccumulating in front of and being carried forward by the harrow, and inorder to afford a maximum clearance capacity at the center of the harrowthe longitudinal bar or member 4 is provided between the tooth-bars withupwardly-extending arched portions 64. All parts which might tend toobstruct the free passage of rubbish through the harrow are eliminatedat the center, and this, together with the employment of the centralwheel and the arched portion 64, greatly increases the clearancecapacity of the harrow. The sections of the harrow-frame areindependently supported by the caster and side wheels, which do notinterfere with the operation of the hinge connection between thesections of the harrow-frame.

The tooth-bars are adjusted by means of levers 65, suitably fixed to therear toothbars and connected with the intermediate front tooth-bars bymeans of longitudinal bars 66 and arms 67, which extend upward from thesaid tooth-bars. The connectingbars 66 also carry toothed segments orratchets 68, which are arranged to be engaged by spring-actuated dogs ordetents 69 of the operating-lever 65. Any other suitable means, however,may be employed for rotating the tooth-bar to adjust the harrow-teeth,and the latter may be of any desired number, and any preferredarrangement of the harrowteeth may be employed.

The front frame-bars 5 and 9 are provided with eyes 70 or other suitablemeans for the connection of a draft attachment.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A sectional harrow including fiexiblyconnected rigid side frames, oneonly of said frames having an inner longitudinal bar, said barconstituting the sole central member of the harrow-frame, and tooth-barsextending between the central member and the outer bars of the sideframes, the tooth-bars at one side of said member being flexiblyconnected thereto independently of the connection between the sideframes.

2. A sectional harrow including a substantially U-shaped side frame, asecond side frame of approximately L shape, a hinge connection betweenthe inner extremity of the'front bar of the L-shaped frame and the innerbar of the U-shaped frame, tooth-bars extending across the U-shapedframe, and other tooth-bars extending from the outer bar of the L-shapedframe and hinged to the inner frame member independently of each otherand of the connection between the frames.

3. A sectional harrow comprising side frame-sections one only of whichincludes an inner frame-bar, said bar constituting the sole centralmember of the harrow-frame, a series of tooth-bars at each side of thecentral member, and hinge connections between the side frames andbetween the central member and the tooth-bars of one series, all of saidhinge connections being located in the horizontal plane of theharrow-frame.

4. A sectional harrow comprising side frames, one includingrigidly-connected inner and outer side bars and a front bar, and theother comprising an outer side bar and a front bar exclusively, theseveral bars of the harrow-frame being normally located in the samehorizontal plane, a series of tooth-bars located at each side of theinner frame-bar, a hinge connection between the side frames, other hingeconnections between the inner frame-bar and one series of tooth-bars,all of said connections beinglocated in the horizontal plane of theharrow-frame, and independ ent supporting means for the respectivesections of the harrow. Y

5. A sectional harrow comprising a sectional frame having a singlecentral member,

the sections of said frame being flexibly connected, means forsupporting harrow-teeth at opposite sides of the central member, andtooth-supporting means in the line of said member.

6. A sectional harrow including hingedlyconnected frame-sections oneonly of which has an inner member, said member constituting the solecentral member of the harrowframe, and several rows of harrow-teethextending across the harrow-frame, those portions of the central memberextending between the rows of teeth being longitudinally arched.

7. A sectional harrow including outer frame members for the individualsections, and an inner member common to both sections, said sectionsbeing flexibly connected, wheels spaced from the inner frame member forsupporting the harrow-sections, and a gheel for supporting the innerframe mem- 8. A sectional harrow composed of independentlysupportedsections including a longitudinal member constituting the inner framemember of both sections and extending from the front to the back of theharrow, said sections also including outer frame members, one of whichis rigid with the said longitudinal member, and the other being hingedto the same, tooth-bars extending between the longitudinal member andtheouter frame members, the said longitudinal member terminating short ofthe rear tooth-bars of both sections, and one of said rear toothbarsbeing extended in rear of the longitudinal member, a harrow-toothmounted. on the extended portion of the tooth-bar, and means forsupporting the inner ends of the rear tooth-bars.

9. A sectional harrow including inner and outer frame members, the innerframe member being common to both sections and rigidly connected withone of the outer frame members, tooth-bars journaled on. the other outerframe member, and interfitting hinge elements connecting the tooth-barsto the inner frame member, one of the elements consisting of a bracketsecured to the inner frame member and having projecting ears, and theother element having an eye and provided with a tooth-bar-receivingjournal.

10. A sectional harrow including an inner frame member, oppositetooth-bars, a bearing receiving one of the tooth-bars and provided withan attachment portion, a bracket having projecting ears, a fasteningdevice piercing the bracket, the inner frame member and the attachmentportion of the bearing, and a hinge element pivoted between theprojecting ears and having a journalieceiving the other tooth-bar.

11. A sectional harrow including an inner frame member, a tooth-bar, abracket having projecting ears, a hinge element provided with a tubularjournal to receive the toothbar and having an eye arranged between theears of the bracket, and a pintle passing through the eye and the ears.

12. A sectional harrow including an inner frame member, a bracketmounted on the said member and having projecting ears, a hinge memberpivoted between the ears and provided with a projecting journal, atubular tooth-bar fitted on the journal, and a tie-rod passing throughthe tooth-bar and detachably interlocked with the hinge element forretaining the tooth-bar on the journal.

13. A sectional harrow including an inner frame member, a tooth-bar, abracket having projecting ears or lugs, a hinge element fitting betweenthe ears and provided with a tubular journal receiving the tooth-bar, apintle connecting the hinge element to the ears, and a tie-rodinterlocked With the tubular journal and securing the tooth-bar to thesame.

14. A sectional harrow including outer frame members, an inner framemember common to both of the sections, the latter being flexiblyconnected, spaced bearings connected with and located in rear of theinner frame member, rear tooth-bars mounted in the said bearings, one ofthe tooth-bars being extended in rear of the inner frame member, and acentrally-arranged rear tooth mounted on said extended tooth-bar andarranged in the same longitudinal plane as the inner frame member.

15. A sectional harrow including outer frame members, an inner framemember common to both sections of the harrow, said sections beingflexibly connected, tooth-bars carried by the sections of the harrow,one of the tooth-bars being extended in rear of the inner frame member,and a centrallyarranged rear tooth mounted on the extended portion ofsuch tooth-bar and disposed in the same longitudinal plane as the innerframe member.

16. A sectional harrow embodying an inner frame member, a hingeconnection mounted on the said member at the rear end thereof andprovided with an arm extending laterally and rearwardly from one side ofthe inner frame member and having terminal bearing, a fixed armextending rearwardly and laterally from the opposite side of the innerframe member and having a terminal bearing, opposite tooth-bars havingtheir transverse ends arranged in the said bearings, one of thetooth-bars being extended in rear of the inner frame member to form asupport for a central harrow-tooth.

17. A sectional harrow including an inner frame member, a hingeconnection having an oscillatory hinge element extending rearwardly andlaterally from one side of'the said member and provided with a terminalbearing closed at the inner end, a fixed arm extending from the oppositeside of the said member and having an open bearing arranged in spacedrelation with the closed end of the said bearing, tooth-bars arranged inthe said bearing, the tooth-bar of the open bearing being extended inrear of the frame member to form a support for a harrowtooth.

18. A sectional harrow including an inner frame member, a hingeconnection having an oscillatory hinge element extending rear- Wardlyand laterally from one side of the said member and provided Withaterminal bearing closed at the inner end, a fixed arm extending from theopposite side of the said member and having an open bearing arranged inspaced relation with the closed end of the said bearing, tooth-barsarranged in the said bearing, the tooth-bar of the open bearing beingextended in rear of the frame members to form a support for aharrowtooth, and a tie-rod piercing the closed end of the bearing andsecuring the tooth-bar within the latter.

19. A sectional harrow composed of independently-supported sectionsincluding alongitudinal member constituting the inner frame member ofboth sections and extending from the front to the back of the harrow,

said sections also including outer frame members, one of Which is rigidWiththe said longitudinal member, and the other being hinged to thesame, tooth-bars extending between the longitudinal member and the outerframe members, the said longitudinal member terminating short of therear tooth-bars of both sections, and one of said rear tooth-bars beingextended in rear of the longitudinal member, a harroW-tooth mounted onthe extended portion of the tooth-bars, and arms extending rearWardlyfrom the longitudinal member and laterally offset from each other toclear the said harroW-tooth, and provided with terminal bearings toreceive the inner ends of the rear toothbars.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my oWn I have hereto affixedmy signature in the presence of tWo Witnesses.

JAMES M. ULSH.

Witnesses:

PERCY L. CARPENTER, MILTON H. HARTMAN.

